Methodology
How these electricity prices are built
GridPassport publishes three price views. Each answers a different question and keeps its own source, unit, update frequency and limits. Values from different views are never combined in one ranking.
Which price view answers which question?
Household benchmark
The country pages use Eurostat nrg_pc_204, consumption band 2 500-4 999 kWh a year, with energy, network charges, taxes and levies included. The ranking uses the latest stored half-year release. Each country page also shows every available earlier half-year value from the same series. It is an average benchmark, not what every household in the country pays.
Household price history
Household history keeps Eurostat's original six-month periods. Missing countries and periods remain missing: GridPassport does not interpolate them and does not turn half-year releases into monthly values. The date range therefore differs by country. Historical household prices stay separate from the monthly wholesale market history shown farther down a country page.
Purchasing power (PPS)
PPS means purchasing power standard. It is a comparison unit that adjusts the household price for each country's overall price level, so the result compares electricity with the prices of other goods and services. It does not measure income and it is not an amount on a bill. Countries without a PPS value are omitted from that ordering.
Daily household estimates
The daily comparison can use either a modelled tariff or a Eurostat-calibrated curve. The calibrated method applies VAT and a constant country overhead to the intraday wholesale series. Its calibration record states whether the available history matches the Eurostat period. A tariff model can omit network or system charges when those components are unavailable; such a series must not be presented as delivered household cost.
Comparable charts
One chart must use the same price view, currency and cost scope for every selected country. If that is not possible, the comparison falls back to wholesale references for all selected countries. Modelled tariffs with missing network or system charges are not directly compared with full-cost calibrated estimates.
Spreads and annualised value
A constant overhead reduces the ratio between cheap and expensive hours but does not remove the monetary timing gap. Annualised values show what today's difference between the cheapest and most expensive three-hour windows would be worth if the stated amount of energy were shifted every day for a year. They are illustrations, not savings forecasts.
Country aggregation
Countries with several wholesale price areas are aggregated at each timestamp using the simple average of available areas. It is not weighted by national electricity demand. Duplicate feeds for the same market area are removed where a primary feed exists. Monthly market history on a country page is calculated from published daily wholesale rankings and is kept separate from the half-year household benchmark.
Wholesale inclusion
Wholesale rankings include current zones labelled as wholesale reference. Supplier tariffs, consumer estimates, stale or empty feeds and historical benchmarks are excluded. Closed days require at least 80% of expected intervals. Today's page can show published-so-far data.
Published and forecast points
Wholesale ranking pages use published points. Where a curve contains a forecast and a published point for the same interval, the published point wins. Consumer estimate points are labelled as estimates and do not become published household prices merely because their underlying market interval has been published.
Great Britain
The open Great Britain feed used here is an Elexon within-day market index, not an ENTSO-E day-ahead series. A tomorrow view is offered only for markets where an eligible day-ahead or forecast series is available.
License and attribution
GridPassport normalizes public source feeds for comparison and preserves source attribution. Source-specific licences and terms continue to apply to the underlying data. Download the latest household comparison or the complete household history as CSV.