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GridPassport Research · rolling 90-day view

Where are European electricity prices swinging most?

See where wholesale prices fell below zero most often, which markets recorded the widest daily swings and when the cheapest three-hour windows most often appeared. The comparison uses published observations—not forecasts, household tariffs or modelled savings.

See the market resultsWhat this can mean at home
Period
Jun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 2026
Qualifying markets
28
Published dates
90/90
Latest source update
Aug 30, 2026, 01:16 GMT+2

What the data says

Three useful signals—not one opaque score.

Negative-price frequency, within-day spread and a recurring cheap window answer different questions, so this report keeps them separate.

Most negative-price days🇪🇸 Spain46.7%

42 of 90 qualifying days contained at least one reported interval below €0/MWh.

Widest average daily spread🇭🇺 Hungary250.2 EUR/MWh

Mean of each observed day's high-minus-low wholesale reference price. This is not a household tariff spread.

Most common cheapest 3h window12:00-15:00local market time

The most frequent label across 816 qualifying market-day observations; individual markets differ.

The latest 90 complete days

The events behind the headline numbers.

These dated observations keep the rolling result grounded in inspectable market days.

Broadest negative-price dayJun 14, 202622 markets

At least one negative interval appeared in 22 of 27 qualifying observed markets.

Widest single observed daily spread🇸🇮 Slovenia1,005.5 EUR/MWh

Jun 30, 2026; one dated market observation, not a typical household price movement.

Negative-price exposure

How often did a market fall below zero?

Top 12 markets by share of qualifying observed days with at least one negative interval. Bar length uses the actual percentage on a 0–100% scale.

  1. 🇪🇸 Spain42/90 days46.7%
  2. 🇳🇱 Netherlands35/88 days39.8%
  3. 🇱🇺 Luxembourg32/88 days36.4%
  4. 🇫🇷 France31/88 days35.2%
  5. 🇩🇪 Germany / Luxembourg bidding zone30/90 days33.3%
  6. 🇧🇪 Belgium25/90 days27.8%
  7. 🇦🇹 Austria24/90 days26.7%
  8. 🇵🇱 Poland23/90 days25.6%
  9. 🇨🇿 Czechia20/90 days22.2%
  10. 🇸🇰 Slovakia16/88 days18.2%
  11. 🇨🇭 Switzerland15/89 days16.9%
  12. 🇭🇺 Hungary13/88 days14.8%

Full market table

Negative prices, spread and cheapest window.

How the comparison works ↓
Published wholesale reference-price observations. Rank uses the share of each market's qualifying observed days containing at least one negative-price interval.
RankMarketObserved daysNegative daysNegative intervalsAvg daily spreadCommon cheapest 3hCoverage
1SpainJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9046.7%42 days0.49%42/8,502 intervals170.7EUR/MWh13:00-16:0026 days · local time99.1%up to 1 price area
2NetherlandsJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9039.8%35 days0.42%35/8,332 intervals209.5EUR/MWh12:00-15:0042 days · local time98.6%up to 1 price area
3LuxembourgJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9036.4%32 days1.52%32/2,112 intervals179.2EUR/MWh12:00-15:0047 days · local time100.0%up to 1 price area
4FranceJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9035.2%31 days0.40%31/7,828 intervals167.4EUR/MWh13:00-16:0032 days · local time96.3%up to 1 price area
5Germany / Luxembourg bidding zoneGermany household prices · Luxembourg household pricesJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9033.3%30 days0.36%30/8,280 intervals209.0EUR/MWh12:00-15:0054 days · local time100.0%up to 1 price area
6BelgiumJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9027.8%25 days0.29%25/8,527 intervals201.6EUR/MWh12:00-15:0036 days · local time99.3%up to 1 price area
7AustriaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9026.7%24 days0.28%24/8,495 intervals191.2EUR/MWh12:00-15:0059 days · local time100.0%up to 1 price area
8PolandJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9025.6%23 days0.27%23/8,640 intervals220.4EUR/MWh12:00-15:0051 days · local time100.0%up to 1 price area
9CzechiaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9022.2%20 days0.23%20/8,546 intervals198.7EUR/MWh12:00-15:0045 days · local time99.5%up to 1 price area
10SlovakiaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9018.2%16 days0.19%16/8,349 intervals225.9EUR/MWh12:00-15:0038 days · local time99.3%up to 1 price area
11SwitzerlandWholesale market onlyJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202689/9016.9%15 days0.71%15/2,113 intervals127.9EUR/MWh12:00-15:0055 days · local time98.9%up to 1 price area
12HungaryJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9014.8%13 days0.16%13/8,314 intervals250.2EUR/MWh12:00-15:0036 days · local time99.0%up to 1 price area
13Great Britain wholesaleJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9014.4%13 days0.30%13/4,308 intervals107.8EUR/MWh12:00-15:0030 days · local time99.7%up to 1 price area
14SloveniaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9013.3%12 days0.14%12/8,524 intervals232.1EUR/MWh12:00-15:0031 days · local time99.1%up to 1 price area
15RomaniaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9012.5%11 days0.13%11/8,271 intervals250.2EUR/MWh13:00-16:0034 days · local time98.8%up to 1 price area
16CroatiaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/9012.5%11 days0.13%11/8,356 intervals225.4EUR/MWh12:00-15:0033 days · local time99.4%up to 1 price area
17DenmarkJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/9010.0%9 days0.05%9/17,038 intervals199.1EUR/MWh12:00-15:0042 days · local time99.3%up to 2 price areas
18BulgariaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202686/908.1%7 days0.09%7/7,980 intervals191.7EUR/MWh13:00-16:0019 days · local time98.3%up to 1 price area
19FinlandJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/905.7%5 days0.06%5/8,206 intervals62.0EUR/MWh00:00-03:0016 days · local time98.4%up to 1 price area
20EstoniaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/904.5%4 days0.05%4/8,199 intervals165.2EUR/MWh14:00-17:0019 days · local time98.4%up to 1 price area
21SwedenJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202689/904.5%4 days0.01%4/33,490 intervals86.3EUR/MWh13:00-16:0027 days · local time98.6%up to 4 price areas
22LatviaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202689/902.2%2 days0.02%2/8,373 intervals177.2EUR/MWh13:00-16:0027 days · local time98.6%up to 1 price area
23LithuaniaJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202689/902.2%2 days0.02%2/8,400 intervals177.2EUR/MWh13:00-16:0029 days · local time98.9%up to 1 price area
24NorwayJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202690/902.2%2 days0.00%2/41,837 intervals65.5EUR/MWh12:00-15:0029 days · local time98.3%up to 5 price areas
25North MacedoniaJun 1, 2026–Aug 28, 202677/900.0%0 days0.00%0/1,802 intervals165.9EUR/MWh10:00-13:0022 days · local time97.5%up to 1 price area
26MontenegroJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202682/900.0%0 days0.00%0/1,873 intervals149.3EUR/MWh11:00-14:0023 days · local time95.2%up to 1 price area
27ItalyJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202688/900.0%0 days0.00%0/53,198 intervals128.0EUR/MWh12:00-15:0029 days · local time95.6%up to 7 price areas
28IrelandJun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 202689/900.0%0 days0.00%0/2,127 intervals106.5EUR/MWh13:00-16:0038 days · local time99.6%up to 1 price area

For households

Wholesale movement is a signal, not your bill.

Negative wholesale prices do not automatically mean free household electricity. Supplier margins, network charges, taxes, fixed fees and tariff rules still apply. Timing becomes directly relevant only when a retail tariff passes market changes through quickly enough.

The linked market names open GridPassport's separate household-price benchmarks where Eurostat coverage exists. For the practical layer, read what negative prices can mean at home.

Methodology

Comparable periods, visible limitations.

The rules exclude partial current days and require each displayed market to cover most of the exact report period.

01

Included observations

Only dates inside Jun 1, 2026–Aug 29, 2026 and rows with at least 80% usable source coverage. Each displayed market needs at least 72 of 90 days (80%).

02

Negative-price measures

A negative-price day contains at least one reported market interval below €0/MWh. Interval share divides negative intervals by all usable intervals. Resolutions differ, so intervals are not described as hours.

03

Volatility proxy

Daily spread is the highest minus lowest published wholesale reference point in the market aggregation. Its mean is a descriptive range, not a statistical volatility forecast.

04

Cheapest three-hour window

For each market-day, GridPassport identifies the cheapest contiguous three-hour wholesale reference window. The most frequent local-clock label is descriptive, not a recommended household schedule.

05

Market comparison limits

Multi-area markets use GridPassport's existing aggregation. The Germany/Luxembourg bidding zone and the separate Luxembourg source row use distinct source representations; their household links are therefore shown explicitly rather than treating the zone as one country.

06

No household or ROI claim

Values are wholesale reference prices normalized to EUR/MWh. They exclude retail components and do not calculate household bills, battery value, charging savings or product ROI.

Freshness and sources

Published market data with source links.

The aggregate was built Aug 30, 2026, 01:16 GMT+2 from observations updated as late as Aug 30, 2026, 01:16 GMT+2. Operators may revise historical values; a later correction can update the same stable report URL.

Completed periods only

Quarterly reports.

A quarter appears here only after the full period and coverage checks pass. Monthly evidence remains in the existing wholesale archive rather than a duplicate report series.

Q1 202630 qualifying markets

Jan 1, 2026–Mar 31, 2026 · 90/90 published dates

Q2 202628 qualifying markets

Apr 1, 2026–Jun 30, 2026 · 91/91 published dates

Continue exploring

Use the right layer for the question.

Daily evidenceInspect wholesale market rankings

Open the underlying daily and monthly views before interpreting an outlier.

Household layerCompare household electricity prices

Use the separate Eurostat benchmark when the question is what households pay.

Consumer guideUnderstand negative prices at home

See how tariffs and bill components determine whether wholesale timing reaches a household.

Open data

Need the numbers behind this report?

Download one aggregate row per market, including the exact period, denominator, negative-price frequency, spread, recurring window, coverage and source names.

Download this period as CSV

Tomorrow, without checking

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